Smoking, alcohol, and UV exposure (promote collagen breakdown), heavy sugar consumption (causes glycationstiffening of collagen fibers), and chronic stress (elevates cortisol, which breaks down collagen)
Strinic D, Belosic Halle Z, Luetic K, Nedic A, Petrovic I, Sucic M, Zivanovic Posilovic G, Balenovic D, Strbe S, Udovicic M, Drmic D, Stupnisek M, Lovric Bencic M, Seiwerth S, Sikiric P
Isogenic mutants deficient in the activities of thioredoxin (54), catalase (KatA) (55), NADPH quinone reductase (56), and superoxide dismutase (46) are sensitive to host colonization and susceptible to oxidative damage
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